The Factors Influencing Meal Satisfaction in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing meal satisfaction in older adults. METHODS: Authors searched four databases Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and KoreaMed using the following key search terms: “(elderly-mp. OR aged), AND (meal OR food OR eating OR feeding), AND satisfaction.” Only articles published between January 1946 and May 2018 were considered. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines were adopted for quality assessment. The authors ultimately selected 7 of 1,695 references for review and meta-analysis. RESULTS: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the factors influencing meal satisfaction in older adults aged more than 60 years. The results showed that meal satisfaction was low when age increased and the individual was served frozen meals. Satisfaction with meals was high when food choices were available and individuals were served high-quality food and when the food smelled and tasted good or was personally tailored. Satisfaction was also high when individuals ate with their families. Moreover, meal satisfaction seemed to be influenced by physical health, whereas it did not show a significant correlation with mental health. CONCLUSION: Intending to improve the quality of life of older adults by increasing their meal satisfaction, the authors pointed out factors that institutions should attend to when providing meals to older adults. To contribute to the lack of any existing conceptual and theoretical framework in this field, further steps to be taken by the authors shall involve concept analysis that would assist in building a conceptual framework.

Inhalation Sedation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PURPOSE: The safety and effectiveness of inhalation sedation, a technique that enables sedation using the inhalation of an anesthetic in an out-of-theater environment was evaluated in this study.METHODS: Electronic literature databases were used to identify the safety assessments and the tests for efficacy of inhalation sedation. Data was retrieved from 1980 to 2017. Safety assessment was based on identifying complications encountered during treatment, and included assessment of the concentration of inhalation anesthetic in the air, gaseous exposure, cardiac index and blood test results, and effectiveness was based on the depth of sedation, degree of pain experienced by the patient, and medical outcomes.RESULTS: The safety of inhalation sedation was similar to intravenous sedation. However, inhalation sedation should be used with caution as repetitive interventions increased liver toxicity, as indicated by the Gasification Force Test Inhalation sedation was clinically effective, and demonstrated a similar depth of sedation, with equally effective pain relief compared with intravenous sedation. In addition, the time taken for cannula removal, and for recovery were typically faster.CONCLUSION: Inhalation sedation was safe and effective and provided similar results to intravenous sedation. However, physicians should be aware that when using inhaled anesthetics, hepatotoxicity has been reported so liver function should be carefully monitored.

Correlates of Cognitive Impairment of Rheumatic Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to synthesis the results of research on relationships of cognitive impairment with multi-dimensional correlates of rheumatic disease through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. METHODS: For the study purpose, 23 studies were selected through a systematic process of searching the literature. RESULTS: The study results showed that among general characteristics, age and education were the variables having a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. Among health risk factors, obesity appeared to have a significant positive relationship with cognitive impairment. For past history, diabetes and hypertension were shown to have a significant positive relationship with cognitive impairment. It was noted also that aPL, one of the physiological factor, had significant association with cognitive impairment. None of the medication related factors had a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. Results showed that among disease related factors, disease activity had the highest relationship with cognitive impairment. Depression, among psychological factors, was the only variable having a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the variables strongly impacting on cognitive impairment in rheumatic disease are depression and disease activity.

Awareness of Disabled Person and Analysis of Factors Related to the Awareness among Nursing Students / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of awareness toward disabled persons among nursing students and to identify associating factors for their awareness of disabled persons. METHOD: 410 nursing students completed the survey on the awareness and frequency of contacts toward disabled persons, self-efficacy, and clinical practice satisfaction. RESULTS: The scores in awareness, contact, clinical practice satisfaction was 50.53+/-7.53, 52.41+/-10.61, 79.21+/-10.88 and 67.04+/-9.47, respectively, indicating. Awareness of disabled persons had significant positive correlations with frequency of contact (p<.001), satisfaction with nursing major (p=.045), satisfaction with clinical practice (p<.001) and self-efficacy (p=.029). CONCLUSION: To improve awareness of disability, we need to improve student's satisfaction with nursing major and clinical practice by modifying the curriculum. Thereby awareness toward disabled and the weak can improve naturally.

Recovery State of Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients: Exploratory Comparison of Recovery State between Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage(s-ICH) and Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(s-SAH) / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare the recovery state of 6 month between s-ICH and s-SAH patients. The patients' recovery state was measured with 2 dimensions: functional and cognitive. METHODS: Non-experimental prospective design was adopted by including 108 hemorrhagic stroke patients(s-ICH: 52 vs s-SAH: 56) admitted to Intensive Care Unit of one university hospital. RESULTS: The study results showed that overall functional recovery state of s-SAH patients was better than that of s-ICH patients, and s-SAH patients also showed better recovery states in all of the sub-dimensions of functional recovery, such as feeding, grooming, and toileting, than those of s-ICH in 6 month. On the contrary, the study results showed that overall cognitive recovery states of 6 month between two groups were not significantly different. However, according to the results comparing the sub-dimensions of cognitive recovery, s-SAH patients' recovery states on attention, communication and memory were significantly better than those of s-ICH patients, while recovery states on problem solving, safety behavior, and social behavior between 2 groups were not significantly different. CONCLUSION: From the study results, it was noted that s-SAH patients showed better recovery states in cognitive dimension as well as in functional dimension compared with s-ICH patients.